Installation of Biometric Access Controller:

For the installation and commissioning certain steps need to be followed, which I am explaining below along with the screen shot of the functions of the Biometric Machine:

Realtime Biometric Machine

Firstly, the finger print of the authorized persons are enrolled in the machine manually by pressing Menu.

The following options will be displayed:
 Register, Delete, Set Comm, LockCtrl, Advanced and View Info
           
Each Option have their different functions and will be explained one by one below:

 1. Register: It has different options like Uer, Admin, Sup-User and U-Upload. Each and every function will be explained one by one. Firstly,

• User: To enroll the authorized person's fingerprint and provide them access to enter the house. In user further two options are there: New Reg. for registering new user and BackUp to take backup of all the enrolled users.  In New Reg, various other functions will pop up like Finger (by scanning fingers on the scanner), ID Card (by showing RFID card near the scanner of the machine), Password (by setting an Eight digit passcode), FP and Card (requires both fingerprint and Card), FP and Pass (requires both fingerprint and password); One can enroll users in any of these ways and provide them authorization to enter. 1500 Users can be assigned in a single machine.

• Admin: To give authorization to a single person to alter its settings without the finger of the manager or admin, machine menu will not be displayed and ask for authorization. In admin as well, same two options as in user will be displayed; New Reg. for registering new user and BackUp to take backup of all the enrolled admins.  In New Reg, various other functions will pop up like Finger (by scanning fingers on the scanner), ID Card (by showing RFID card near the scanner of the machine), Password (by setting an Eight digit passcode), FP and Card (requires both fingerprint and Card), FP and Pass (requires both fingerprint and password); One can enroll users in any of these ways and provide them authorization to enter. Maximum of 10 admins can be assigned here.

• U-Upload: The data can also be transferred into the machine by uploading an excel file containing all the details via USB or by software of the biometric. For this, U-Upload function is used.

2. Delete: As the name suggest, it is used for deleting the users by entering their ID nos which is eight digit from 00000001 to 9999999. It will again ask for confirmation if pressed Yes, the users details will be deleted from the machine.

3. Set Comm: It stands for Communication settings, which has three options like U-Down, RS485 Dwnld and Ethernet. This feature helps to establish a communication between the machine and the admin via USB(which is commonly used everywhere) or RS485 (This is used to get details where USB is not allowed like in defense sector or a corporate with additional security) or Ethernet (Where data is accessed remotely).

• U-Down: Here the data can be downloaded with the help of a USB it has various other options to get the selected data as shown in image: Glog and Del (To get the log reports and along with the restored data), All Glog (To download all the records), Slog and Del (To download all the management records along with the restores ones), All Slog (Downloads all new management records), Enr. Data (Download all the enrolled Data)

• RS485 Dwnld: Here data can be download via RS485 Connector as it is widely used in data acquisition and control applications where multiple nodes communicate with each other and it is used to download data with RS485A and RS485B Ports and the baud rate can be adjusted as well like 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600 or 115200.

• Ethernet: To download the data from the machine remotely by using Ethernet setup, it also has various settings to transfer data online through networking cables. Different options in the machine are: DHCP: No (By Default), IP Address (192.168.001.224), Subnet Mask (255.255.255.0), Default Gateway (192.168.001.001), Port No: 5005, Server Req: Yes, UseDomainNm: No, Server IP, SerPort No. 7005; HeartBeat: 3

4. LockCtrl: It consists of all the controls of the Electromagnetic Locks that is connected with the machine through cables and unlock times can be set up through these settings. It has various options as such, Unlock Time (It gives the time the lock of the machine will stay open once its open allowing access to the user which is 5 Seconds by default but can be altered); Lock Type Set can be chosen from the options as such No for the Alarm Type which is no (by default) but can be changed to NO (Normally Open) or NC (Normally Closed); Alarm Delay (Its 10 Seconds by default) but can be changed. Third option is of Wiegan (26 by default), it is communication protocol that connects the access control device with the third party device to send the IP or data through the cable or by RF Reader which is the biometric machine, in this case.

5. Advanced: It basically have four options: Device, Logs, Set Time and Bell.

                       

•  Device: It has basic device settings like Machine ID (Any from 1 to 65536), Admin Quantity (Any from 1 to 10), Language (like English, Chinese, Russian and many more), Volume (from 1 to 10), Screen saver (Yes or No), Dormancy (Yes or No), Verify (F/P/C or C+F or F+P), Upload UI (User Interface via USB Port), Shut Down (To Shut down the machine), Default Setting (To Bring all the settings of the machine to default) and finally, Manager Cancel (It will cancel or delete the manager or admin finger print from the machine).

• Logs: It will give warning messages, once the data limits of the machine is achieved: ARec Wrn: All Record Warning which is 255, once the data logs reaches that value they will give warning messages to delete the old logs and make way for new logs. URec Wrn: 1000, ReVerify: No (It is set as default No but can be set to maximum of 9999 Seconds).

• Set Time: In Set Time option, the date and time of the machine can be set up and the date format can be set as YMD or MDY or DMY.

• Bell: In Bell options the value of Count can be set from 0 to 255 as maximum, and a total of 8 time slots can be set when there will be bell ring from the machine.

6. ViewInfo: This option displays the information of the machine and has three different options, like Storage Detail, Record Detail and System Detail.

Storage Detail gives the details of the number of data (users, managers, Finger Prints, Passwords and RFID Cards) present in the machine.

Record Detail gives the number of users and admins data present in the machine. It also shows the User records and the same can be deleted from there as well.

System Detail gives the details of the system as below:

Now, the first stage is complete that is programming of machine and then the next step is connecting it with the Electro Magnetic Lock and push to exit button:

The machine have 10 Pins and each pin is of different color and has different function. The table below shows the different pins with its description and color coding:

PIN	DESCRIPTION	WIRE
1	RS485B	WHITE
2	RS485A	BLACK
3	WG-IN0	GRAY
4	WG-IN1	PURPLE
5	NC	GREEN
6	COM	BLUE
7	NO	ORANGE
8	PUSH	YELLOW
9	GND	RED
10	POWER	BROWN

As I am doing normal connections of Biometric Machine with Em Lock and Push to Exit, I will ignore the first four wires and connect the rest of them according to the following circuit diagram:

Connection diagram of Em Lock and Push to exit with the Biometric machine

This set up will provide access to the building only after scanning the finger print. This is the first stage when only the authorized person will enter the premises.

Devices used along with their Working:

1. Biometric Machine: This machine will be used as a reader to check if the user is authorized to enter the premises or not. Once the user place its finger on the sensor, the sensor will match the fingerprints received with the number of finger prints enrolled in the machine, once the match is found the Machine will acknowledge by saying Thank You and consequently open the lock for few seconds (whatever we have assigned in the lock time option) after that again the lock will be closed. Here the machine is used only as a reader but can be used for various purposes like taking attendance and also giving punch reports to calculate the working hours of the individuals and their salaries as well by using software, but in my project I am using it just as a READER.

2. Power Supply: As the name suggest, power supply is used to provide power to the devices we are using like Biometric Machine, Electro Magnetic Lock and Push to Exit Button. The system mainly works on 12 V DC, hence, this supply changes the mains AC current into 12 V DC to provide desired powers to the devices attached with it. Here I am using a single power supply of 12 V 5 A for all devices. 

3. EM Lock: Electro Magnetic Lock also works on 12 V DC, it has two terminals positive and negative to make the connections and allowing the current to flow and establish a connection between the machine, power supply and the Lock itself. Once the biometric reader checks the person's authorization the lock will open or close providing access to the building through the door where it is installed. Depending upon the type of the door, the bracket is also selected like L Bracket, U Bracket or ZL Bracket. Sometimes Rim locks are also used to provide access.

4. Push to Exit Button: As the name states, pushing this button allows access. However, it is placed only near the manager's desk so that the manager can give access to a person manually even if the person is not authorized, just by pressing this button the locks will be opened and the circuit will break allowing access, however, it should not be misused. For this as well, we need to use a bracket to fit it near the manager or admin.

5. Cable: Normal 2 core cable can be used to make all the connections as all the external devices has only two ports positive and negative. So, it can be used easily. Depending upon the distance of the machine, lock and exit switch normally 10-20 Mtr cable is enough for its installation.

CONNECTION AND WORKING OF THE SETUP:

Connection: 

RS485B and RS485A ports are used to transfer data to and fro machine, here, as I am not taking any kind of data I will leave the ports open and instead use USB to collect data from the machine.

WG_IN0 and WG_IN1 ports are used for third party transfer, which I am not using here, hence, I will leave these ports open as well.

Now, Firstly, I will provide Power to the Biometric Machine, for this, I need a power supply. Here I am using 12 V 5 A supply having only two terminals that is Positive and Negative. Then I will connect its positive terminal with the Brown pin of the machine which is for Power and the negative terminal to the ground (GND) which is Red in color. In this way, the circuit will be completed and the connection between the machine and supply is made to make 12 V DC flow inside and provide power to the machine.

Then again, connecting EM Lock with the machine. It also has two terminals negative and positive having red and black color respectively. Negative terminal that is Red in color is connected to the ground (GND) terminal of the machine by connecting it with the negative terminal of the power supply and then routing it to the GND of the machine, as shown in the figure. The positive terminal of the machine is connected with the NC (Normally Closed) having Green color, in this the circuit is completed and the connection between the Machine, Lock and the Power supply is established.

Finally, connecting push to exit switch with the machine. This switch has two terminals Positive and negative. The Positive terminal is connected with the PUSH wire in the machine, which is Yellow in color and the negative terminal is connected directly to the GND (Ground) of the machine along with the negative of Lock and supply. In this way, the connection will be set up among Biometric Machine, Em Lock, Power Supply and Push to Exit button.

Apart from this, common port (COM) of the biometric machine that is Blue in color is shorted with the positive terminal of the power supply and is connected to the machine routing it through the + ve terminal of 12 V power Supply.

The above figure explains the connections. Now the working part:

Working: 

This system works on a simple system. Initially, the user will place the finger on the sensor of the biometric machine and if the user is already enrolled in the machine or authorized to enter then the machine will acknowledge by saying thank you and the em lock connected with the machine will open it for few seconds (which was already set in the lock time option in the machine). At that time, the person can enter the house, once the user enters the lock will again come back to locked stage and ask for authorization to any other consecutive entry. If the person is not authorized to enter then it will simply deny access and barres the person to enter. This is the first security stage to save the properly and the assests of the house holder.

In the second stage, I am installing the IP CCTV Cameras to capture the image of the intruder and the steps will be explained in the next post.